Fluid pressure power-hammer.



PATENTED SEPT. 24, 1907.

' ci R. GREEN. FLUID PRESSURE POWER HAMMER.v

APrLIoATxoR Hum Nov. 22. isos.

' INVENTOR ATTaR/VEYJ,

UNITED sil-Agis PAT II'ISYIA OFFICE.

OAItLR. GREEN, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TOFIHEOOLUMBUS rNEUMArIo Toon 4COMPANY, OFy COLUMBUS, OHIO, A CORPORATIONOF OHIO.

FLUImPRE ssURE Pownnnmmn.

No. 867,033. speoiscationpfrieters Patent.' "Patented sepa 24,1907. I u y pplicatiouledNovember 22,1908.` Serial'No.84f1,54. i

valve plu'g 8,l said,plug-'being'ppposite .the-passageff -fo'r live air, which-'passage v is formed within' thev hnfe l. Surrounding thepug Sfare a serisofports 10; said To'cll whom 'it may concern; Be it known that I, CARL R. GREEN, acitiz'e'n of the `United States, residing at Dayton,- in the county of.

Montgomery and State of Ohio, have innenteda'cei'-, I

- Fig.' 2. is a sectional view ofthe valve-block A taken on l sired'. .When a riveting head is employed the will be comparatively long soas to seu're aheavy4 i 5 represents. the tool, which may be' provided with af application, Figure 1 is a longitudinal. sectional view" taken-through' my improved power.l: a',r'nmer',l the pis- 7 ton a'nd a portion of .the tool being shwn'in elevation.

rivetinghead .qr 'a chisel for chipping, as-may be de''.

'the pistonto be'driven forward with great momentum,

AItraend'ing' *lenguadiml'lyy im@ the barrel from ,asf Y rear end, .and preferably above the/,bore 2f", is a port 13j y 'said port terminating at tliefront end loi the said borst through outwardly extending' passages 20:- Whentllev 5 tain new Aanduseful Improvement in Fluidffressure within the'valve block L Power-Hammers, of which the following is a full, clear,' I t isdesirable, in devicesof .this character, that ith and exact description,` reiLerence I being 4 had top 'tli'e' ac'-A live be supplied-to the rearofthe piston'as'rapldly" 'companying drawings. as practicable, For conducting the airfrom This invention lrelates vto .pneumatic powe him-i Y ber 1'1- tothe4 bore of the barrel, -1 provide' the 4valwi'i'il ff" 10 mers, and-particularly to devicesl ointhatfcliara wit-ha largecentral port 12, said portbeingdi'rec'tlyinjd whichthe pistons are driven inbotli directions-by lveh 'ontg'P-the'plug' 8. As the'ptnjtisl of s'ubstantallj! 'l air pressure, samedianieter as 4the projecting end of said plug', when The commercial developmerlit of thisart lisis, realcheti r Valveis-in its rear position, v'said plug will enter the the stage at which even slight changes; thedetails; .port 12,-and completely, close the: same, ashown in*` 1 5 ,of construction, if theyresult inincreased economy iiny -Fig,.2. When the valve .is in its' forward position, manufacture, become important improvemen'taf "l j'shown fizigltig`1,`the live ailcanpass directly. and; i

My presenti nyen'tion' has for its` objects the increase without'abrupt turns,1t`lirugh the ports 103and -12 into in e'c'onomy in manufacture, aswell as'thein'crease of f ijle" o'f .thlylinen By providing a plurlityoff efficiency in operation'. Y l 1' 5-; port 's' 10,1'and-by making'the'port .12 of large diameter, 2 0 Inthe accompanying' drawingsforminga part ofths' such alarga inlet is provided for'the airas will' ;c ause l75.

25 the saineplane-as in Fig; 1,'but showing the valve in andy coniinunlllnat ing therewith at its eiitremeforwald A.8.0,-

another position. Figs. '3 and 3? show' asideand anv `end as is shown at 14.- Within ythe valve-blocks, anc-1,` 1 end elevation'respectively of the Valve plug. Figs, y4 'alineinent the lport 1 3, vis a port 1 -'5, the latter.y y and 4 show a side and. an end elevationrespectivly port terminatinglat its rear' endin an inwardly yextend-' of the yalve.- Fig. .5 is atralisvese section through i'ng passage 4116,' saildkpas'sage-cornmunicatin'g' at instill- 30 the hammer-taken substantially on the line 5-5 0f ner' end with the bore.4. orthe valves" f; 85

Fig. l, and Fig.' 6 is a view ofthe rear end of tlievalve'- -Near itsrear end thelvalve fi'is vrvded with a cir block'. I 1 '1 1 cum'eren'tial groove 17 said groove being'L so posi-v' Taking up the detailed description by reference to tionedl with respect to the-'passage 16 as to'4 be com... ,the drawings, 1 represents the handle, a nd,2y the bar; v. in uniati'on therewith; regardlessithe'position of"t1 re 3 5 rel of the hammer, said handle and barrel being screwed 'valv'el Communicatingwith the bore the 'valve`is .or Otherwise securely fastened-together.' Within-'the' 'a port-18, sai'dfportf'being' shown in dotted lines bore 2 oi the barrel, the 'piston 3 is adapted to recipro- Figs. 1 and -2. 'this "port extends outwardly and cate, thedirection of motion-i the pisto1'1 b eingYconA municates a t`i ts outer end-'withv an annula'rspace 19': trolled by the position ofthe valve; @which Vis mounted f that surrounds -the vvalve [blockv within the 40 It6 reciprocate horizontally ina. bore.. er1-chamber 4*?. Thisannular space is Vconnected the' outside 'valve is inthe'position shown'in Fig; 1,1.; the-cylinder, bore' 2f-,in front o f the piston, isopen tothe outside-ail",

throughthe ports and passages thusl described, .I

' 4 5' stroke; but when thetoolis used for chippinga shorter theair may be freely exhausted "infront oi the f1. barrel and a lighterxstroke willsucez. v A. f i A pistonf As a further meansof exhaust, I provide a. Centrally formed within the front' portion ofthe port 21 in the barrel, saidport'communicating 'witl 1,the `l` handle 1 at the'rea'r ofthe barrel 2, a chamber for the bore 2a 'of the cylinder at a point' 22, ,some -distanceat valve blocks 6j and 7 ,f said-valve blocks constituting'in?. the rear of the forward end of. the said bore. Atits rear 5.0 eectbut one member, thel samebeiiig formed in the 'end the port 2l registers with-a port `23 in the' piece .7` 1 0 5.

I two pieces 6 and '4 7 for'c'onvenience in'manufactur'elt 'of the valve block, said'poit communicating at The -blncks 6 and 7 are oi the-saine diameter, fand are rear endwith a radial port 2li that extends from t l 1e f mountedcoaxially, Iso that the various ports'of 'the annular passage19 to the bore 4* of the piston. -If preV block will be inlp'roper alinement. Ina bore .at the ierred, v2x1-plurality o ports' 2l and 23 may be employed', j 5 5 center oftherear'end of the valve block 6,'I secure-a and Figsand '6 1 havetshown'tw of these 110:V

When tue valve Ll is in the position shown in Fig. 1, the port 24 is closed at its inner end, but the outer end thereof is always in communication with the annular passage 19. When the valve is shifted to the position shown in F ig. 2, the inner end of the port 24 is opened, so that the port 21 is in free communication with the bore of the valve, and, tlirbugh it, with the rear end of the bore for the piston 3. In said figure, I have indicated a second port 24. as l. prter to provide a nurnber of such ports so as to permit the air to be exhausted very freely, both from the barrel and from the large port 12 in the valve.

1t is, of Course, necessary to shift' the valve automatically; and, for this purpose, l provide the valve with a circumferential bead or shoulder 25, that is a1- xnost midway the length of the valve and in front of the groove 17.' lhis shoulder presents a. forward surface against which' the live air may act, as hereinafter described', and, as this surface is of greaterorca than the extreme'rear surface of the valve, the latter will be shifted rearwardly when said shoulder is exposed to the action of the air.

ln front of the shoulder 25, and below the valve, 1 provide in vthe valve blocks l and T an outwardl) extending port 2li. said port communicating with a horixontal port 27 in said valve. blocks. At its rear end, this'port 27 is provided with an inwardly extending port 2S, said latter port communicating with the bore 4 for the valve, and being ot' small size as compared with-the ports 26 and 27. Within the barrel 2, arid in alinenient with the port 2T. I provide a port 29. said port communicating with the bore 2 for the pieton through the radial ports 30 and 3l. The port 30 is located at. the rear of' the tool holder distance somewhat greater than the length of `the piston, so that the said poli', -is uncovered by thtl piston a short time before the latter strikes the-tool. The port 3l is located some distance in front. of the port 30. as appears in Fig. l.

The operation of the hammer is as follows: When the part-s are in the position shown in Fig. l, live air is entering the bore 21l at the rear of the piston through the ports 9, l0, and 12, and the piston is traveling toward the tool, the valve being held in the position shown by `the pressure of' the live air on its rearward end. The air in front of' the piston is exhausted through the ports 14, 13', 15 and 16, the annular' groove l? in the valve, the bore 4 for ythe valve, the port'lS, the annular passage 19 and the ports 20 to the open air.

iront; of the piston could escape through the ports 22, 21 and 24 to the said annular chamber 19, and thence to' the open air, as before described. As soon as the piston 3 has uncovered the port 30, the live air at the rear of the piston passes through ports 30, 29, 27 and 26 to the front of the annular shoulder 25 on the valve; and, as the area on the front surface of said shoulder is larger than the area of the cxtreme rear end of the valve, the unit pressure on these areas being substantially the same, the valve will lbe shifted. to its rearward position, as is shown in Fig. 2. in which position the large port l2 through the valve is closcdby the plug 8. When the valve is thus-snifted, the air at the rear ot' the piston can t exhaust very freely through the bore 4 for the valve and through the ports 24 to the annular space 1i), and thence to the open air through the ports 20. At the Furthermore, prior to the time when the piston covered the port 22, the air in.

.thence into the ports 2T and 2G, so that the front. surface of the shoulder 25 in the valve is still exposed to live air pressure, which holds the valve temporarily in its rearward position. As the pist-on moves rearv'ardly, it uncovers the port` 3l', so that the liveI air can pass from the port 27 through the ports 29 and 3l to the front of the piston, irom whence it is exhausted through the ports 22, 2l, 23, 24, the space 19, and the ports 20, hereinbefore described. As the exhaust ports are of gro-.iter area than the constricted port 2S, the air will be exhausted more rapidly than it can he supplied through the said constrict-ed port, with the result that the pressure in front of the shoulder 25 will drop sullieiently to be overcome by the live air pressure on the rear end of the piston` so that the latter will be again shifted to its forward position.

From the above description, it will be seen that I have provided a pneumatic power hammer in which the inlet. for the motive fluid for driving the hannnor forwardly is of large area and is practically free from abrupt turns, so that the hammer is driven forward with great momentum. l have also provided for the very free exhaust of air from both ends of the cylinder, so that the, operation of the hammer is very rapid.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1, In a fluid pressure power hummer. a barrel, n hammer piston mounted to reciprocate in a here in said hai-rel, a valve for controlling the motive fluid for operating said piston. said valve beingY provided with :i longitudinal port. through the center thereof'` a plug for closing said port when the valve is in one position. said means leavingr the port' open when the valvel is in its opposite position, an annular groove surrounding said valve, and means for conducting live fluid from said groove to the front of the piston, whereby., when the port iu the vulve is closed hy the said plug. the fluid will be transmitted through said groove to the front of' the piston.

2. In a fluid pressure power hammer, a barrel. :i ,hammer pistn mounted to reciprocate in` a bore in said barrel, a vulve for controlling,T the 'motive fluid for operating said piston, said valve being provided with a longitudinal port through the center thereof', a stationary plugl that is adaptA ed to enter said port when the valve-is in one position, said plug being free from the port when the valve is in its opposite position, au annular' groove surrounding' said valve. and means for conductinglive fluid from said groove to the front of" the piston, whereby when the port in the valve is closed by the said plug, the fluid will he transmitted through said groove and said conductingv means to the front of the piston.

Il.' In a fuid pressure p ower hammer. a barrel, a hammer piston mounted to reciprocate in said barrel. u valve for controlling` the live fluid for drivin,"r the said piston, said valve being provided with a central longitudinal port, said port conducting live :tir directly to the rear of' the piston. means for permittingl the live air to act upon the rear end of the vulve for holding' the same ln its forward position, a ,shoulder surrounding id valve, the front face of said shoulder hein.;r of greater area than the rear end of vthe valve.` :l passage for live fluid connecting the Ibore in the barrel with the said front face of said shoulder, whereby, when said passage is opened, by th forward movement of the piston, the live fluid will pass through the center of theI valve. and through said passage where it acts against the said face of the shoulder to shift the valve, and a stationary plug for closing the port in the valve when it is thus shiftcl roo .4. In a duid-pressure power hammer, a barrel. a hammer rear end of the valve for holding the same in its forward position, a shoulder surrounding said valve, the front fare of said shoulder being of greater area than the rear end ofthe valve. a passage for. live fluid eonneetinel the bore -i'n the barrel with the said front face of said shoulder, tvvhereby, when said passage is opened, by the forward movement of the piston, the live fluid will pass through the center of the valve, and through said passage where it 'acts against the Isaid fae of the shoulderjo shift the Avalve, as tationary plug for closing the port in the valve v vhn' "it isthus shifted, and means for simultaneously [admitting live air to the front of the piston for drivingy the 4latter rearwardly, and to the front of the shoulder of the valve, for holding the valve in relai-ward position.

5. In afluid pressure power hammer-,n barrel, a hammer piston mounted to reciprocate in said barrel, a valve for controlling the llve iiuid for driving; the said piston, said valve being provided with a central longitudinal port: suid port conducting live air directly to the rear of the piston. means forfpermitting the live airto act upon the rear end Aof the valve for holding the saine in its forwardposition,

shoulder whereby, when said passage is opened by the for ward-movement of the piston, the live tluid will pass throughl the center ot the valve and through said pas` rige where it: acts against the said face of the shoulder to shitt the valve.'resu'wardly` a stationary plus; for closingr the port in the valve when it is thus shifted, means connect ifront o f the ine said groove with' ud ports conpiston for driving tl ueetint.'l the said groove with the. i. of the shoulder on the valve whereby live air is adm d to said shoulder from said groove for holding the valve in' its rearward position.

6. lu a fluid pressure power ham1uer` a barrel, a hammer.

piston mounted to reciproeate in said barrel, a valve for controlling the live fluid for driving the said piston, said valve being' provided with a central longitudinal port, said port. conducting live air directly'to the rear of the pistou, means for permitting the live air to act upon the rear end-of the valve for holdingl the salue in its forward position, a groove and a shoulder surrounding the said valve, the front face of the shoulder being of greater area than the rear end ol' the valve. a passage for live iiuid connecting the bore in the barrel with the said front face of said shoulder whereby, when said passage is opened bythe forward movement of the piston, the live fluid will pass through the center of the valve and through said passage where it acts against the said face of the shoulder to shift the vulve realwvardiy. a stationary plu; Y for closing the port in tho vallvewhen it is thus shifted. means oonueeting said groove with the bore of the barrel in front of the pistou i'or driving the Alatter rearwardly, ports eonnecting the said groove with the front;` ofv the shoulder on the valve whereby live air is admitted to said shoulder from said groove tor holding the valve in its rearward position, and means for exhaustingl the air from in front ot' said shoulder. whereby the pressure of live ail'. on tht` rear ot' the valve shifts the latter forwardly.

ln testimony whereof, l hereunto aflix my signature in the presence of two witness-es.

CARL n. GREEN, Witnesses:

Ni.\.\ tlnm-x, N. l). Kimi'. 

